Why the French Revolution Turned Violent, With Simon Schama
歷史學家談革命為什麼從權利和麵包變成公開的暴力。聽因果鏈，不要只背日期。
在 YouTube 播放，CC 可開英文字幕。建議先看「聽之前」，看完影片再做理解題。 到 YouTube 開啟 ↗
🎯 聽之前
A historian walks through why a revolution about rights and bread became public violence. Practice cause and effect, not a list of famous names.
- What problem came first: ideas, hunger, or the collapse of trust?
- Which sentence is a cause, and which is a result?
- How does a guest correct a simple story without saying "you are wrong"?
- Notice verbs of change: turn into, give way to, tip.
💬 重點句 6
先讀英文，想一下意思，再點「翻譯」。按 🔊 聽一次，然後跟著唸。
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A revolution does not turn violent for one reason. It turns violent when several pressures meet.
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Hunger makes an abstract idea feel personal.
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What began as a demand for bread ended as a fight over who deserved to live.
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Crowds do not need a theory. They need a target.
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Trust collapsed faster than any law could replace it.
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If you only memorize the dates, you miss the chain.
📚 單字 10
點卡片翻面。先猜意思再翻。
🗣️ 俚語與成語 6
the last straw
成語
the final small event that makes a situation break · 壓垮駱駝的最後一根稻草
The price of bread was the last straw for many families.
give way to
片語動詞
to be replaced by something else · 讓位給、被⋯⋯取代
Debate gave way to street violence.
tipping point
成語
the moment a slow change becomes sudden · 臨界點
Historians still argue about the tipping point.
spill over
片語動詞
to spread from one place or issue into another · 外溢、蔓延到別的地方
Anger about prices spilled over into attacks on officials.
in hindsight
成語
when you look back and the path looks obvious · 事後看來
In hindsight the violence looks inevitable. It was not.
where there is smoke, there is fire
諺語
rumors often point at a real problem, though not always at the truth · 有煙就有火（傳聞底下通常有事，但不一定是你聽到的那個版本）
The proverb warns you not to ignore a rumor, and not to trust it whole.
🧩 句型練習 3
讀完範例，用自己的事造一句。寫在筆記本或手機備忘錄裡，隔天回頭唸一次。
It does not ___ for one reason. It ___ when ___.
它不是因為單一原因⋯⋯。它是在⋯⋯的時候才⋯⋯。
- It does not fail for one reason. It fails when trust and hunger meet.
- It does not spread for one reason. It spreads when fear has an audience.
✍️ Use it to explain a conflict you have read about.
What began as ___ ended as ___.
一開始是⋯⋯，最後變成⋯⋯。寫變化，不要寫清單。
- What began as a petition ended as a purge.
- What began as a bread riot ended as a political trial.
✍️ Describe a plan at work or school that changed shape.
___ makes ___ feel ___.
⋯⋯讓⋯⋯感覺起來⋯⋯。把抽象的東西落到身體上。
- An empty market makes a speech about rights feel urgent.
- A rumor makes a stranger feel dangerous.
✍️ Finish it with hunger, debt, or a headline.
✅ 理解題 4
看完影片再作答。選一個答案會立刻顯示解釋。
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According to this lesson, why does a single-cause story fail?
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What does "give way to" mean?
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What is a tipping point?
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Why does the lesson say "in hindsight" is dangerous?
💭 用英文想一想
挑一題，用英文寫 3 到 5 句，或對著手機錄一分鐘。不用完美，說出來最重要。
- Pick a news event and write three causes, in order, without using a single villain.
- What is the difference between a trigger and a cause? Give one example of each.
- Rewrite "they were angry" as a chain: what they lacked, what they heard, what they did.
📎 想再往下走
這集做完如果還想繼續，這兩個方向跟內容最接近。不是必要的，學習包本身就夠用。
線上課程Hahow 好學校 · 以琳老師
快速養成《深入人心英文簡報術》
把一個想法講成完整一段：架構、語調、怎麼抓住聽的人。適合 TED 和商業訪談這種「一個人講很久」的英文。
看課程 ↗
線上課程Hahow 好學校 · 黃玟君 × WORD UP
英語發音全攻略：解決台灣人的英文發音困境
連音、重音、削弱音。英式口音和講很快的來賓聽不懂，常常不是單字的問題，是這些。
看課程 ↗
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